The foundations of the political system in light of societal diversity in Iraq after 2003

Abstract

This research aims to examine the structure of the political system in Iraq after 2003, given the country's societal diversity, the research examines the distribution of powers between the presidency, the government, parliament, and the judiciary, and how various components are represented within these institutions. It also examines the impact of societal diversity on political decision-making, government stability, and institutional effectiveness, with a focus on sectarian and ethnic quota policies. The research concludes that the Iraqi political system has attempted to achieve a balance between pluralism and fair representation of all components. However, internal conflicts, quotas, and political instability have constrained the system's efficiency. The research highlights the importance of developing mechanisms to manage societal diversity to enhance the stability of the state and the effectiveness of its institutions in the future.

Keywords: Societal diversity, political system structure, sectarian quotas, constitution.